Metformin for wet (neovascular) age-related macular degeneration

CPD

Dr Esther Lau and Prof Lisa Nissen

June 12, 2000

References

Khanna S, Shaw L, Hyman MJ, et al. Association of metformin use with risk of newly onset neovascular age-related macular degeneration development. Retina 2024;44(2):205–13.
Macular Disease Foundation Australia. About age-related macular degeneration Sydney (NSW): Macular Disease Foundation Australia,; n.d. At: mdfoundation.com.au/about-macular-disease/age-related-macular-degeneration/amd-overview/
National Eye Institute. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Bethesda (MD): National Eye Institute,; 2021. At: nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration#:~:text=Age%2Drelated%20macular%20degeneration%20(AMD)%20is%20an%20eye%20disease,the%20back%20of%20the%20eye)
Macular Disease Foundation Australia. Treatment for age-related macular degeneration Sydney (NSW): Macular Disease Foundation Australia,; n.d. At: mdfoundation.com.au/about-macular-disease/age-related-macular-degeneration/amd-treatment/#:~:text=Anti%2DVEGF%20medication%20can%20block,the%20vitreous)%20inside%20the%20eye
Australian Medicines Handbook. Australian Medicines Handbook – Rifaximin: Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd; 2023.
Waldenlind K, Delcoigne B, Saevarsdottir S, et al. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and risk of thyroxine-treated autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Intern Med 2024;295(3):313–21.

8.00 am	Before hitting the road Organise paperwork and plan (travel routes) for the day.
9.00 am	Client education Meet diabetes education clients to understand their health goals to ensure personalised care. Transfer a concession card number into the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) for a person with type 1 diabetes; she was pleased to learn her costs would be further reduced! Review Libre 2 sensor data for a patient with type 2 diabetes who is on insulin. He was surprised about the impact of his banh mi (sandwich) lunch on his interstitial glucose levels.
1–2.00 pm	Lunch break Replying to emails and returning GP and patient calls.
2–6.00 pm	Clinical afternoon Finalise reports for GPs and specialists. Follow up with any high-risk patients e.g. persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or persons with diabetes and still titrating insulin. Remind a patient with type 2 diabetes on a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to stop her tablet 3 days prior to her colonoscopy next week.
6.00 pm	Home Medicines Review Meet the last patient of the day for a Home Medicines Review after hours because they work full time. Discover they are taking a NSAID for arthritis pain on top of their ACE inhibitor and diuretic; looks like a call to the GP is in order tomorrow morning to discuss the triple whammy and the risk of acute kidney injury!
8-9.30 pm	Remains of the day Continue writing reports and, if time permits, peruse the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) movements!

8.00 am	Before hitting the road Organise paperwork and plan (travel routes) for the day.
9.00 am	Client education Meet diabetes education clients to understand their health goals to ensure personalised care. Transfer a concession card number into the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) for a person with type 1 diabetes; she was pleased to learn her costs would be further reduced! Review Libre 2 sensor data for a patient with type 2 diabetes who is on insulin. He was surprised about the impact of his banh mi (sandwich) lunch on his interstitial glucose levels.
1–2.00 pm	Lunch break Replying to emails and returning GP and patient calls.
2–6.00 pm	Clinical afternoon Finalise reports for GPs and specialists. Follow up with any high-risk patients e.g. persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or persons with diabetes and still titrating insulin. Remind a patient with type 2 diabetes on a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to stop her tablet 3 days prior to her colonoscopy next week.
6.00 pm	Home Medicines Review Meet the last patient of the day for a Home Medicines Review after hours because they work full time. Discover they are taking a NSAID for arthritis pain on top of their ACE inhibitor and diuretic; looks like a call to the GP is in order tomorrow morning to discuss the triple whammy and the risk of acute kidney injury!
8-9.30 pm	Remains of the day Continue writing reports and, if time permits, peruse the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) movements!

8.00 am	Before hitting the road Organise paperwork and plan (travel routes) for the day.
9.00 am	Client education Meet diabetes education clients to understand their health goals to ensure personalised care. Transfer a concession card number into the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) for a person with type 1 diabetes; she was pleased to learn her costs would be further reduced! Review Libre 2 sensor data for a patient with type 2 diabetes who is on insulin. He was surprised about the impact of his banh mi (sandwich) lunch on his interstitial glucose levels.
1–2.00 pm	Lunch break Replying to emails and returning GP and patient calls.
2–6.00 pm	Clinical afternoon Finalise reports for GPs and specialists. Follow up with any high-risk patients e.g. persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or persons with diabetes and still titrating insulin. Remind a patient with type 2 diabetes on a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to stop her tablet 3 days prior to her colonoscopy next week.
6.00 pm	Home Medicines Review Meet the last patient of the day for a Home Medicines Review after hours because they work full time. Discover they are taking a NSAID for arthritis pain on top of their ACE inhibitor and diuretic; looks like a call to the GP is in order tomorrow morning to discuss the triple whammy and the risk of acute kidney injury!
8-9.30 pm	Remains of the day Continue writing reports and, if time permits, peruse the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) movements!

8.00 am	Before hitting the road Organise paperwork and plan (travel routes) for the day.
9.00 am	Client education Meet diabetes education clients to understand their health goals to ensure personalised care. Transfer a concession card number into the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) for a person with type 1 diabetes; she was pleased to learn her costs would be further reduced! Review Libre 2 sensor data for a patient with type 2 diabetes who is on insulin. He was surprised about the impact of his banh mi (sandwich) lunch on his interstitial glucose levels.
1–2.00 pm	Lunch break Replying to emails and returning GP and patient calls.
2–6.00 pm	Clinical afternoon Finalise reports for GPs and specialists. Follow up with any high-risk patients e.g. persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or persons with diabetes and still titrating insulin. Remind a patient with type 2 diabetes on a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to stop her tablet 3 days prior to her colonoscopy next week.
6.00 pm	Home Medicines Review Meet the last patient of the day for a Home Medicines Review after hours because they work full time. Discover they are taking a NSAID for arthritis pain on top of their ACE inhibitor and diuretic; looks like a call to the GP is in order tomorrow morning to discuss the triple whammy and the risk of acute kidney injury!
8-9.30 pm	Remains of the day Continue writing reports and, if time permits, peruse the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) movements!

Know how the vaccine needs to be prepared

Take a strategic approach to opportunistic vaccination

What to do if the vaccine window is missed

Spread the word among other healthcare professionals

Be prepared to answer patients’ questions

Protect your patients against summer risks

Raise awareness of new sun safety guidelines

Be alert to new illicit drug threats this festival season

Navigate summertime nicks, scrapes and scalds

Help patients take the (blood) pressure down this Christmas

Prevent the festive season becoming a headache

What led you to pharmacy?

Why did you decide to become a credentialed diabetes educator?

How do you support patients who have been newly diagnosed?

How will pharmacists’ roles evolve in chronic disease management?

Advice for pharmacists looking to specialise in diabetes care?

What if a vaccine is partially administered?

What if it’s a medicine by injection?

What if another healthcare professional administered the vaccine or medicine?

What if the patient doesn’t say anything?

Improper measurement methods are skewing results

Healthcare advice is lacking

Inaccurate readings could inform care decisions

Pharmacists can improve the accuracy of blood pressure readings

An even bigger role is in the works for pharmacists

Know how the vaccine needs to be prepared

Take a strategic approach to opportunistic vaccination

What to do if the vaccine window is missed

Spread the word among other healthcare professionals

Be prepared to answer patients’ questions

Protect your patients against summer risks

Raise awareness of new sun safety guidelines

Be alert to new illicit drug threats this festival season

Navigate summertime nicks, scrapes and scalds

Help patients take the (blood) pressure down this Christmas

Prevent the festive season becoming a headache

What led you to pharmacy?

Why did you decide to become a credentialed diabetes educator?

How do you support patients who have been newly diagnosed?

How will pharmacists’ roles evolve in chronic disease management?

Advice for pharmacists looking to specialise in diabetes care?

What if a vaccine is partially administered?

What if it’s a medicine by injection?

What if another healthcare professional administered the vaccine or medicine?

What if the patient doesn’t say anything?

Improper measurement methods are skewing results

Healthcare advice is lacking

Inaccurate readings could inform care decisions

Pharmacists can improve the accuracy of blood pressure readings

An even bigger role is in the works for pharmacists

Know how the vaccine needs to be prepared

Take a strategic approach to opportunistic vaccination

What to do if the vaccine window is missed

Spread the word among other healthcare professionals

Be prepared to answer patients’ questions

Protect your patients against summer risks

Raise awareness of new sun safety guidelines

Be alert to new illicit drug threats this festival season

Navigate summertime nicks, scrapes and scalds

Help patients take the (blood) pressure down this Christmas

Prevent the festive season becoming a headache

What led you to pharmacy?

Why did you decide to become a credentialed diabetes educator?

How do you support patients who have been newly diagnosed?

How will pharmacists’ roles evolve in chronic disease management?

Advice for pharmacists looking to specialise in diabetes care?

What if a vaccine is partially administered?

What if it’s a medicine by injection?

What if another healthcare professional administered the vaccine or medicine?

What if the patient doesn’t say anything?

Improper measurement methods are skewing results

Healthcare advice is lacking

Inaccurate readings could inform care decisions

Pharmacists can improve the accuracy of blood pressure readings

An even bigger role is in the works for pharmacists

Know how the vaccine needs to be prepared

Take a strategic approach to opportunistic vaccination

What to do if the vaccine window is missed

Spread the word among other healthcare professionals

Be prepared to answer patients’ questions